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Green bonds (or climate bonds) are one of the most used sustainable investment instruments, and under the Paris Climate Agreement of 2015, the climate bond market is expected to thrive soon. Green bonds are gaining increasing popularity among environmentally responsible investors, as well as investors who “simply” attempt to benefit from portfolio diversification, including green issuances, that are close to other fixed bonds. This paper aims to take advantage of previous literature contributions on the green bond market to indicate the way forward for future research. Herein, through a systematic literature review on the green bond market, our goal is to provide investors, main markets actors, and policymakers with some helpful insight on the role of environmental investments in reshaping the financial markets and fostering the sustainability of the economy.