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Original Article
Temperature as the Geometric Coordinate of State Change (Θ) in Space, Time and Energy-Mass
Rahul Rathod1
Rameshbhai Bhatt2
1 2 Pathey Research Initiative, Maharashtra, India.
Published Online: March-April 2026
Pages: 19-22
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijrtmr.20260602003
References
1. Boltzmann, L. (1896). Lectures on Gas Theory. University of California Press.
2. Gibbs, J. W. (1902). Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics. Charles Scribner's Sons.
3. Carroll, S. (2004). Spacetime and Geometry. Addison-Wesley.
4. Prigogine, I. (1980). From Being to Becoming. W. H. Freeman.
5. Peebles, P. J. E. (1993). Principles of Physical Cosmology. Princeton University Press.
6. Connes, A. & Rovelli, C. (1994). Von Neumann Algebra Automorphisms and Time-Thermodynamics Relation in Generally Covariant
Quantum Theories. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 11(12), 2899-2917. DOI:10.1088/0264-9381/11/12/007
7. NASA GISTEMP Team. (2020). GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies.
Dataset accessed 2026.
8. MESA Development Team. (2024). MESA Stellar Evolution Code (v15140) User Guide. Open Source Software.
9. Bhatt, R., Rathod, R. & Shah, N. (2026). Priority of Priorities: The Truth of Life. International Journal of Indian Psychology, 14(1), 991-
998. DIP: 18.01.097.20261401, DOI:10.25215/1401.097.
2. Gibbs, J. W. (1902). Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics. Charles Scribner's Sons.
3. Carroll, S. (2004). Spacetime and Geometry. Addison-Wesley.
4. Prigogine, I. (1980). From Being to Becoming. W. H. Freeman.
5. Peebles, P. J. E. (1993). Principles of Physical Cosmology. Princeton University Press.
6. Connes, A. & Rovelli, C. (1994). Von Neumann Algebra Automorphisms and Time-Thermodynamics Relation in Generally Covariant
Quantum Theories. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 11(12), 2899-2917. DOI:10.1088/0264-9381/11/12/007
7. NASA GISTEMP Team. (2020). GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies.
Dataset accessed 2026.
8. MESA Development Team. (2024). MESA Stellar Evolution Code (v15140) User Guide. Open Source Software.
9. Bhatt, R., Rathod, R. & Shah, N. (2026). Priority of Priorities: The Truth of Life. International Journal of Indian Psychology, 14(1), 991-
998. DIP: 18.01.097.20261401, DOI:10.25215/1401.097.
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