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Review Article
The Last Bench is disappearing: What Flexible Seating is Quietly Changing in Indian Schools Classroom Space, Visibility and Educational Equity in Contemporary India
Deepika Pasupuleti1
1 Vice Principal, AMS P. Obul Reddy Public School, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Published Online: May-June 2026
Pages: 196-202
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijrtmr.20260603023
References
1. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Freeman.
2. Brooks, D. C. (2011). Space matters: The impact of formal learning environments on student learning. British Journal of Educational
Technology, 42(5), 719–726.
3. Cornell, P., & Shukla, V. (2019). Classroom seating arrangements and student participation in collaborative learning environm ents.
Journal of Educational Psychology, 111(3), 421–436.
4. Government of India. (2020). National Education Policy 2020. Ministry of Education.
National Education Policy 2020
5. Piaget, J. (1972). The psychology of the child. Basic Books.
6. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
7. Wannarka, R., & Ruhl, K. (2008). Seating arrangements that promote positive academic and behavioural outcomes: A review of empirical
research. Support for Learning, 23(2), 89–93.
2. Brooks, D. C. (2011). Space matters: The impact of formal learning environments on student learning. British Journal of Educational
Technology, 42(5), 719–726.
3. Cornell, P., & Shukla, V. (2019). Classroom seating arrangements and student participation in collaborative learning environm ents.
Journal of Educational Psychology, 111(3), 421–436.
4. Government of India. (2020). National Education Policy 2020. Ministry of Education.
National Education Policy 2020
5. Piaget, J. (1972). The psychology of the child. Basic Books.
6. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
7. Wannarka, R., & Ruhl, K. (2008). Seating arrangements that promote positive academic and behavioural outcomes: A review of empirical
research. Support for Learning, 23(2), 89–93.
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